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分享一個DHCP中繼的案例

       某客戶反饋無線控制器加瘦AP組網(wǎng)下,DHCP服務(wù)器Windows Server,無線控制器做DHCP中繼,為終端分配地址,終端連接到SSID下后出現(xiàn)部分終端獲取不到地址的問題。

  原因分析:

  通過一線反饋現(xiàn)場無線控制器配置,以及現(xiàn)場情況,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題現(xiàn)象主要出現(xiàn)在移動終端(蘋果、安卓手機、平板)上,筆記本終端獲取地址均正常。

  由于DHCP協(xié)議較為簡單,且設(shè)備上運行一直正常,首先檢查相關(guān)配置。

  dhcp relay server-group 1 ip 10.154.73.11

  dhcp relay server-group 1 ip 10.154.73.12

  #

  wlan vlan-pool vp1

  vlan-id 405 to 406

  #

  interface Vlan-interface405

  ip address 10.154.97.253 255.255.255.0

  dhcp select relay

  dhcp relay server-select 1

  #

  interface Vlan-interface406

  ip address 10.154.98.253 255.255.255.0

  dhcp select relay

  dhcp relay server-select 1

  #

  interface WLAN-ESS1

  port link-type hybrid

  undo port hybrid vlan 1

  port hybrid vlan 200 405 to 406 untagged

  port hybrid pvid vlan 200

  mac-vlan enable

  #

  wlan service-template 1 clear

  ssid zjzyhx

  bind WLAN-ESS 1

  service-template enable

  #

  wlan ap zhwgcs model WA2620i-AGN id 1

  serial-id 219801A0CMC156000206

  radio 1

  service-template 1

  radio 2

  service-template 1 vlan-pool vp1

  radio enable

  #

  檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)配置無異常,皆為基本配置,且PC機獲取正常,說明基本的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路是沒有問題的,于是搜集相關(guān)的debug信息。

  debug dhcp relay all

  發(fā)現(xiàn)手機終端(MAC地址38f8-8937-bfd1)

  From client to server (Server-group 1):

  Message type: request

  Hardware type: 1, Hardware address length: 6

  Hops: 1, Transaction ID: 1128803385

  Seconds: 29, Broadcast flag: 0

  Client IP address: 0.0.0.0 Your IP address: 0.0.0.0

  Server IP address: 0.0.0.0 Relay agent IP address: 10.154.98.253

  Client hardware address: 38f8-8937-bfd1

  Server host name: Not Configured, Boot file name: Not Configured

  DHCP message type: DHCP Discover

  *Aug 17 14:27:41:162 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Pkt Sent: send request interface Vlan-interface406, dest IP: 10.154.73.11,

  chardAddr: 38f8.8937.bfd1, server-group: 1.

  *Aug 17 14:27:41:162 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Pkt Sent: send request interface Vlan-interface406, dest IP: 10.154.73.12,

  chardAddr: 38f8.8937.bfd1, server-group: 1.

  *Aug 17 14:27:41:164 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Begin to deal with DHCP Offer packet.

  *Aug 17 14:27:41:164 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_PACKET:

  Rx, DHCP reply packet, interface Vlan-interface406.

  *Aug 17 14:27:41:165 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_PACKET:

  From server to client (Server-group 1):

  Message type: reply

  Hardware type: 1, Hardware address length: 6

  Hops: 0, Transaction ID: 1128803385

  Seconds: 0, Broadcast flag: 0

  Client IP address: 0.0.0.0 Your IP address: 10.154.99.132

  Server IP address: 0.0.0.0 Relay agent IP address: 10.154.98.253

  Client hardware address: 38f8-8937-bfd1

  Server host name: Not Configured, Boot file name: Not Configured

  DHCP message type: DHCP Offer

  *Aug 17 14:27:41:165 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  First VLAN ID of reply packets to client is 406.

  *Aug 17 14:27:41:165 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Pkt Sent: send reply interface Vlan-interface406, dest IP: 10.154.99.132,

  chardAddr: 38f8.8937.bfd1, server-group: 1.

  Debug信息中可以看出,無線控制器上中繼功能完整的完成了中繼流程,并且在較后一步debug信息中顯示

  Pkt Sent: send reply interface Vlan-interface406, dest IP: 10.154.99.132,

  chardAddr: 38f8.8937.bfd1, server-group: 1.

  即無線控制器已經(jīng)向該地址發(fā)送DHCP reply報文,并且走的vlan端口也是vlan406,為該終端所在vlan中。

  查看PC的地址獲取過程中的debug信息:

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:719 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Begin to deal with DHCP Request packet.

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:719 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_PACKET:

  Rx, DHCP request packet, interface Vlan-interface405.

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:720 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_PACKET:

  From client to server (Server-group 1):

  Message type: request

  Hardware type: 1, Hardware address length: 6

  Hops: 1, Transaction ID: 1738251759

  Seconds: 1024, Broadcast flag: 1

  Client IP address: 10.154.99.9 Your IP address: 0.0.0.0

  Server IP address: 0.0.0.0 Relay agent IP address: 10.154.97.253

  Client hardware address: e006-e6ce-36b8

  Server host name: Not Configured, Boot file name: Not Configured

  DHCP message type: DHCP Request

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:720 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Pkt Sent: send request interface Vlan-interface405, dest IP: 10.154.73.11,

  chardAddr: e006.e6ce.36b8, server-group: 1.

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:720 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Pkt Sent: send request interface Vlan-interface405, dest IP: 10.154.73.12,

  chardAddr: e006.e6ce.36b8, server-group: 1.

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:728 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Begin to deal with DHCP Ack packet.

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:728 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_PACKET:

  Rx, DHCP reply packet, interface Vlan-interface405.

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:728 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_PACKET:

  From server to client (Server-group 1):

  Message type: reply

  Hardware type: 1, Hardware address length: 6

  Hops: 0, Transaction ID: 1738251759

  Seconds: 0, Broadcast flag: 1

  Client IP address: 10.154.99.9 Your IP address: 10.154.99.9

  Server IP address: 0.0.0.0 Relay agent IP address: 10.154.97.253

  Client hardware address: e006-e6ce-36b8

  Server host name: Not Configured, Boot file name: Not Configured

  DHCP message type: DHCP Ack

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:729 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  First VLAN ID of reply packets to client is 405.

  *Aug 17 14:28:59:729 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_EVENT:

  Pkt Sent: send reply interface Vlan-interface405, dest IP: 255.255.255.255,

  chardAddr: e006.e6ce.36b8, server-group: 1.

  發(fā)現(xiàn)交互流程的信息只有Broadcast flag: 1該位有區(qū)別。

  又在debug信息中發(fā)現(xiàn)了

  *Aug 17 14:29:09:833 2015 WX3024E_AC DHCPR/7/DHCPR_DEBUG_PACKET:

  From server to client (Server-group 1):

  Message type: reply

  Hardware type: 1, Hardware address length: 6

  Hops: 0, Transaction ID: 1077829468

  Seconds: 0, Broadcast flag: 0

  Client IP address: 10.154.99.9 Your IP address: 10.154.99.9

  Server IP address: 0.0.0.0 Relay agent IP address: 10.154.97.253

  Client hardware address: e006-e6ce-36b8

  Server host name: Not Configured, Boot file name: Not Configured

  DHCP message type: DHCP Ack

  即PC終端也發(fā)送過Broadcast flag為0的報文,且該種情況下也是獲取異常。

  現(xiàn)象明了,即Broadcast flag位置零的終端獲取異常(單播),Broadcast flag位置一的DHCP 中繼流程正常(廣播)。

  查看RFC2131可知DHCP ACK報文“broadcast or unicast, based on bootp flags.”而debug信息中,無線控制器回應(yīng)的ACK報文該位與終端要求的均一一對應(yīng),不存在問題。

  由于debug信息中顯示已經(jīng)向問題終端發(fā)送ACK報文,于是協(xié)調(diào)AP AC間抓包。發(fā)現(xiàn)報文確實沒有發(fā)送到AP。

  繼續(xù)排查,在無線控制器內(nèi)聯(lián)口抓包發(fā)現(xiàn)單播ACK報文出現(xiàn)在了,內(nèi)聯(lián)口且未做LWAPP封裝,即該報文走向了有線口,進一步查看配置。

  發(fā)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)vlan 405 406三層接口配置:

  #

  interface Vlan-interface405

  ip address 10.154.97.253 255.255.255.0

  dhcp select relay

  dhcp relay server-select 1

  #

  interface Vlan-interface406

  ip address 10.154.98.253 255.255.255.0

  dhcp select relay

  dhcp relay server-select 1

  分別為10.154.98.0/24 10.154.98.0/24網(wǎng)段,而debug中終端拿到的地址是Client IP address: 10.154.99.9 Your IP address: 10.154.99.9

  10.154.99.0/24網(wǎng)段,隨即向客戶詢問配置緣由,經(jīng)了解,客戶在有線網(wǎng)關(guān)上有相應(yīng)的portal認證,設(shè)備在沒有過認證之前,獲取的是10.154.99.0/24網(wǎng)段地址,現(xiàn)場確實有該需求。

  至此,原因查明,手機終端DHCP報文廣播位置為0,即請求服務(wù)器單播回應(yīng)。

  PC機會分別嘗試單播廣播兩種方式。當請求單播時,由于設(shè)備上沒有相應(yīng)的(10.154.99.0/24網(wǎng)段)三層接口,于是ACK的單播報文走默認路由,走無線內(nèi)聯(lián)口發(fā)出,所以終端沒有收到報文。

  根據(jù)問題發(fā)生的原因,在業(yè)務(wù)vlan 405 406下配置(10.154.99.0/24網(wǎng)段)子地址,問題解決。

  解決辦法:

  在業(yè)務(wù)vlan 405 406下配置(10.154.99.0/24網(wǎng)段)子地址,問題解決。

  建議與總結(jié):

  在做DHCP中繼的情況下,業(yè)務(wù)vlan較好有跟終端相同的網(wǎng)段地址。

  在業(yè)務(wù)vlan 405 406下配置(10.154.99.0/24網(wǎng)段)子地址,問題解決。

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